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Sunday, June 19, 2011

Pilgrimage in the Back Yard: Montefalcone Appennino,Italy

Today's Discovery
It’s our discovery. Not known even to our friends, in whose house we’re staying. We found a 13th C pilgrim’s route to the top of Montefalcone. And it starts right in our back yard!

It happened like this.

Even though we’re up in the rural hills, there aren’t any country roads up here that don’t also serve as thruways for drivers who think they’re Mario Andretti. So, I wasn’t too keen on going for walks here. Yet, when coming back home from a drive one day, we noticed a foot path going into the fields at the rear of the house.


We started exploring it, figuring that, if we were trespassing anyone’s land, they’d let us know nicely. It was a really nice country road, a bit rocky and progressively steeper. But we had the nice fields all around us and a view toward the perched city of Montefalcone Appennino steep atop up on the tufa cliff above us.

We noticed a cordoned off path as we got right up to the cliff face. So we turned away and followed the ridge to the highway. Then walked down it to the house. 


Our neighbor sitting out beside his door, as he always does, saw us return. He asked if we knew about the medieval path that goes right up the rocks to Montefalcone. No, but we’d seen a narrow path up there and described it.

That’s where we headed the next time we set out. When we again faced the limestone abutments of the cliff, we walked off to one side to the much narrower path among the trees. 


It was cordoned off, but our neighbor had told us to disregard this. So, gulping a bit at our “don’t trespass” trespassing, I let my walking sticks take me to the other side of the cord.

We started single-file upon the narrow stone path leading up the rocks, atop which stood the town of Montefalcone itself. The path was very steep in places, but good footing throughout. Here were the laid rocks that pilgrims had placed centuries before. And what a fine little path it was! Steady and steep, but sure, to the top. I thought of women and men in the 13th C laying the stones we were walking on. How many feet and how many stories have passed this way? Maybe a Boccaccio was among them, lightening loads or poking pretention with his ribald tales.

Views of the valley below rewarded you at different places along the path and at its switchbacks. There was even a sign pointing out that this was indeed the “sentiero mediovale.” We were subsequently told that this narrow and winding path had also once been used by those living atop the cliff to get their water from the river below. Ugh! What a haul that would have been.

Not too far along this path, we took a right at a turning point (as we’d been told), and a few meters on beheld a tall and narrow shrine built right against the cliff face. As we passed, a nice little shrine beckoned. A simple, small white relief plaque of Maria  holding flowers hung above our heads. Below her, a simply wooden sign entreated, Fermati Pellegrini…Stop Pilgrims, as you pass, and salute/greet Maria. Which we willingly did as we continued onward, thankful for those who had made the path and laid the stones so many centuries ago.

This was the path locally known since medieval times. The path continued upward along switchbacks The rocks were well worn into the soil and well placed for foot traffic. I was more and more appreciative as I climbed. Steep in places, but not too steep even for me, reliant on my walking sticks, to manage.

After some suitable huffing and puffing, we reached the very top. At this location stands the Church of St. Michele Archangelo, and you’re in Montefalcone. The first time took us more than an hour to get to the top. But we’ve been back several times since and, once you know the path and have been trekking for a bit, it won’t take more than 45 minutes going slowly but steadily up. But it always feels like you’ve accomplished a great deal.

Medieval revellers during holiday in Montefalcone Appennino
 Obviously, the way to come back down is to reverse your steps. But the first time we went, the dark clouds made me fearful of rain and a too slippery step down the steep stone path. So, we decided to walk along the highway. I figured I was more likely to fall from a slippery rock (imaging another disaster for my spine) than be hit by a car.

Mistake. It took us hours to reach home, having taken the wrong road down. The black clouds loomed closer, the thunder began clapping, and I even saw a falcon take flight from a nearby tree. It was getting colder by the moment, but at least no rain… just the constant threat of it. We were lost. Then we were lost and tired. Then we were still lost but numb. We blindly reckoned we’d have to get somewhere we recognized as long as we kept going down. 

 A nice thing happened. As we walked this unfamiliar territory, a woman was picking cherries high atop a ladder resting on a tree above the road. This was nasty weather, so I suppose she wanted to get them all in before the rains. I waved as I saw her and she called out, asking if we wanted her to drop us come cherries from the tree. Now, cherry happs to be a word in Italian that I’ve known for years. I like its sound: ciliegie (chili-ay-gee-ay). Sure thing. And I thankfully caught two bunches, which we munched along our way. Do you know how especially good juicy cherries can taste when you’re close to despair? We still didn’t know where we were. But how far could it be?

Too numb and cold and tired to be mad at our folly, we finally hit a stretch of road that allowed us another view up at Montefalcone. But this view was from the opposite side of where we’d started! So on we trudged, no words spoken.

When we finally got home (and later retraced our route...by car!), we’d walked more than 10k, a remarkable distance for me in my less than full-bodied state. I imagine that any penance that might have been due had been made. 

Today's Painting 
Cameo, charcoal painting by Janet Strayer
What a total surprise, starting on the dirt and gravel path right behind our house that led though fields and a scattering of houses, to have made this adventure.

At home again, we ate a peach. It’s another of the delicious fruits in season now. This variety, called Pesche Saturnine, is doughnut-shaped but without the hole. It’s a mild yellow-white color inside, sweet and juicy. “Saturn” for colored rings around planet, I assume. It's good.

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The Italian Adriatic: Pedaso and San Benedetto


One of the attractions of Le Marche is that it borders the sea, in contrast to more expansive but landlocked Umbria. .  It was a hot day here, so  we took about a 45 minutes drive from Montefalcone to walk along the seashore.

The Adriatic coast offers at variety of beach resort areas from the pretty isolated to the crowded, both sandy and pebbly. We stopped at two spots within easy reach. The first was at Pedaso, a town that used to be a fishing village (now more fishing industry). Very good fish restaurants and casual eateries here.  

No bells and whistles. Just a quiet, locally-oriented place, where we walked along the luongo mare (concrete sea walk). Pedaso has a rather plain beach with rocks and pebbles.  People were taking advantange of this very sunny day (high 20’s C; close to 90 F) to swim and sunbathe on their corner of a rock or to lay our their blankets and picnics on the pebbled shoreline. Areas of beach were set aside for renting beach chairs and umbrellas for 7.50 Euros. And small beachfront eating places often accompanied these areas. As I’ve already noted, many comparable things  cost more in Italy than they did in Spain, with the costs to rent this beach stuff nearly 50% more. Gas (our car used diesel) costs at least 10 cents more than in France when we arrived, with Spain close to that.

It might have been this particular day, with no wind at all. But the surface of the water was glassy and looked oh so easy to swim in. It was surreal: the quiet and calm of the place, not even the sound of the surf. The rocky break-waters were set parallel to the beach at a distance from shore, so any waves (there were none) would likely break there and leave calmer waters beside the shoreline.This surprised me because in Spain, where we’d last seen the sea, the Mediterranean surf was often more dramatic; but it could also have been the season: just the beginning of springtime when we left. Here in Pedaso, the sea was so calm and the winds were so absent that we could hear the conversation of two swimmers casually pacing their strokes along the break-water rocks.  I wished I’d had my sketchbook or camera, but had left both at home, too hot to be bothered.

Our second stop was the more upscale Santo Benedetto. A gorgeous tree and flowered boulevard lines the beach and shoreline. Though relatively crowded, it seems like a well-provisioned and casually-fashionable resort area. The beach looked more crowded with people than it actually was because of all the beach chairs and umbrellas laid out like seats at a theatre. But, on closer look, many chairs were empty. Not for long, I bet.

The beach itself is of sand, a plus, given the many pebbly beaches (harder to walk and lie on) along the Adriatic. And the promenade that continues along its length is lovely with its profusely adorning flowers and trees.  How does it compare to the part of the Costa del Sol that we inhabited? To my eye, the housing is certainly more attractive (not high rises), as is the city planning, with more flowers. And, perhaps because there are more local inhabitants here ( Italians), there’s a more genuine Italian feel to city in terms of shopping, long-established restaurants, and residents. But the Mediterranean Sea is memorable, and I wouldn’t want to trade one shore for the other. 
Today's Painting 
Fishtales, painting by Janet Strayer

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Thursday, June 16, 2011

The Moon and the Misbegotten: Lunar Eclipse and the Hockey-Riot

Two big events happened yesterday in different parts of the world that are home to me.
There was an extraordinary and beautiful lunar eclipse, a luna rossa, and I saw it through our bedroom window in Le Marche! What surprised me, aside from the lovely red-gold cast of the light bouncing off the moon, was the softness of the earth's shadow on it.
photo of June 15,2011 lunar eclipse by space.com
The second event happened inVancouver, BC, my long-term home.
The Vancouver Canucks, after a 3-3 tie with the Boston Bruins, lost the Stanley Cup. It was a bad loss, too: 4-0! I could feel the heartache drift across the North American continent and reach all the way across the Atlantic to here. So close... and yet so....defeated. I have to whisper that I'm not really a hockey fan, but even I was very glumly disappointed! My Canadian hometown team, the Canucks, had tempted the odds by coming so close to winning what even an adopted-Canadian, like me, knows is the fabled chalice of the Stanley Cup.

Though I shared in the disappointment, what I didn't feel was the anger that ensued and ensnared fans. A riot broke out in downtown Vancouver, a typically law-abiding and pretty sane place, and the pictures I see of it are awful: cars set afire and overturned, bottes thrown, looting, police in riot gear, tear gas. But hockey, man, that's evidently cutting close to the bone.


I live here in Italy right now, and in my present world there was this exceptional lunar eclipse -- the first I'd ever seen so clearly. I take great pleasure from that very particular experience. It was a leap to a larger dimension: a window on the movements of a universe.
Today's Painting
Starsoup for Supper, painting by Janet Strayer
But what a nasty thump of landing back to earth was the news of the post-game Vancouver riots. It's my  home and it's such an attractive and livable city, or so I continue to believe. I'm sure some deft or daft heaven-gazer will blame it on the moon!
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Wednesday, June 15, 2011

The hilltop city of FERMO, Italy: Some Surprises





We visited the city of Fermo in Le Marche, less than a 30-minute drive from where we’re living in Montefalcone.  It’s a bit of a letdown after Urbino; but that would be the case for many comparisons.

Still thinking about Urbino in my last post, I was also thinking of
sprezzatura. I don’t think I have much of it: I’m too intense or maybe it’s just that I don’t like to curb my enthusiasm when I’m enthusiastic about something. Besides, coolness may be over-rated compared to other qualities. Nevertheless, I think I’d be able to handle a soirée and magnificent feast at the Duke’s (not that I’ve been invited)…  even if it meant slowing myself down and pulling back a bit. After all, I know what 'cool' is and how to do it. Style is just style. It’s good to have some, I suppose, and it's probably unavoidable in any case if you venture forth into the world at all. Sprezzatura as a style is certainly more pleasant than some others, like acting boorishly argumentative and opinionated or, at the other extreme, sycophantic. But, to repeat: style is style. And then there’s substance, the real stuff beneath the glimmer or the glamour. Sooner or later, one finds this out.
Today's Painting (1 of 2 in this post)
Harmonic, painting by Janet Strayer
Fermo is located on a hilltop and has a fine view of the land below. There’s a very pleasant park at the top of the historic part of town, close to where we parked. It was a steep walk down to the Piazza del Popolo, an agreeable oddly shaped polygon lined with by now familiar Renaissance buildings. Familiar, in this case, doesn’t mean tiring or boring. It’s really a nice style of architecture for human interaction.
Today's Thought

A room without books is like a body without a soul.

and

If you have a garden and a library, you have everything you need.
-- both from Cicero


Waiting for the Pinacoteca (art museum) to open (most such museums and tourist venues close from 1:00 - 4:00 p.m), we looked around for a place to eat. We settled on an enoteca, or wine bar, overlooking the piazza. Nice place to sit, good wine, very hip server, simple menu listed for us verbally by the server (no menu or prices): antipasto with slices of local salumi, prosciutto and melon, tasty bit of tomato salad, followed by small but tasty portions of ricotta and egg tart and sliced porcini-lasagna."Sure", we said, with our good appetites nodding agreement. All was very tasty and nicely served, with no rush about leaving (never in any Italian restaurant we’ve enjoyed). But, yikes, the bill for this ‘modest’ lunch was 60 Euros (about $90 Canadin bucks). Not that I  let my surprise show. I handled it with total sprezzatura, knowing we had about 10 Euros left: enough to enter the museums and a bit to spare for a gelato.

The museum was really 3-in-1. One part had some rooms displaying and explaining (in Italian) pre-Roman archaeology from this region. There was a lavishly designed meeting room with plush red chairs, fully equipped electronically for meetings. Another part of the museum was focused on paintings. And the last part was the library.   

I like these kind of museums: small enough to see everything.  But again, no photos permitted. Of all the archaeological fragments, paintings, remnants of frescoes, sculptures, and furnishings presented in the museum, the most surprising and memorable room I entered was an actual Renaissance library. It had huge tomes, manuscripts, and all manner of books dating back even earlier. Imagine, this library was just as had been for centuries... only a lot mustier and somewhat tattered. The books seemed all the dearer for it.The ancient volumes stood, filling the shelves that surrounded the room and climbed up to the ceiling.

Maybe it’s the academic in me, or just the response of anyone whose life has been enriched by reading. But being in this room was like being in a little bit of joy. Even if it was nostalgic, being in the presence of all the diverse knowledge and invention written and printed in these volumes, I felt like I was somehow privy to, and part of, a tradition of learning and respect for the search for knowledge and wisdom. Even if it leads to odd paths, some of them untrue, others unreal, this remains a great human tradition to be part of. 

The shelves were organized alphabetically and by Roman numerals, with ladders to different tiers of the bookshelves. It was dimly lit, to protect the books. I supposed that just picking up one of them might reduce it to dust. But the guard told me that, upon formal requests, the books were sometimes brought out for trusted visitors. 
library in Fermo, Italy
Best of all, in the middle of the room stood a globe that was as large as a person (the chair in the photo is large).  It was corded off for protection, and the writing, drawings, and cartography on it were faded and vague. If you’ve seen even replicas of ancient maps, you know how imaginative some of the best of them are, including drawings of monsters at the edge of the sea. No wonder Columbus mistook one place for another when encountering the “new world.”
Today's Painting 
Night Music, monoprint by Janet Strayer Sold

Fermo was also home for a time to Pergolesi and there’s an active music conservatory in town to honor him. It was nice to see folks strolling or bike-riding the streets, their packed instruments snugly cased beside them.They must make some pretty fine music in this town. Nope, I didn’t see the tuba-player, or the double-bassist, come to think of it.
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Tuesday, June 14, 2011

URBINO: A Perfect Renaissance City Invents "Being Cool"

      After days of rain in Le Marche, I was getting soggy.  No walking outdoors without a drench. 
      So we decided to head out for a 2.5 hr. drive from our resting place to Urbino. It’s this long a drive        only because no route is direct: first you go south towards the Adriatic shore, then up north again.

     The Duke's Nose

       I  wanted to visit Urbino mostly because it’s home to one of the most famous noses in all of art               history: the nose belonging to the Duke of Urbino, Federico III of Montefeltro.

     The Duke of Montefeltro, painted by the master, Piero della Francesco, is always recognizable.               Who could forget that face? 

     Federico III da Montefeltro, of the famous nose, was a highly successful condottiere (mercenary 
     soldier captain). Condottieri were the leaders of professional military companies contracted by 
     the Italian city-states and the Papacy from the late Middle Ages and throughout the Renaissance.           The Pope himself made Federico Duke of Urbino, the area then being part of the Papal States.

     Urbane Urbino: The Ducal Palace  

Ducal Palace Courtyard, Urbino

    This impressive palace was "the" place to be invited during the Renaissance. Federico had a                    fabulous court and invited many illustrious people to it.The Ducal palace and the legacy of                     Federico’s famous court were further developed by his son Guidobaldo, who married Elisabetta             Gonzaga, daughter of the ruler of  Mantua, another small but famous Italian court known for its             excellence in both music and the visual arts. Under them, the court at Urbino further increased its         cultural clout and patronage. It's because of folks like them, and their rich patronage,  that we 
     have masterpiece portraits of secular figures recurring throughout the Renaissance.

A visit to Ducal Palace is a pleasure. It’s arcaded internal courtyard is a center of calm. A masterpiece of proportion and light, it was the first of its kind in Italy, then copied in countless other Renaissance palaces Inside, the stately harmony of well-constructed space continues. But the palace is more barren than I expected (hey, no one lives there anymore). It still houses a fine assortment of paintings, now mounted on free-standing easels near the walls rather than where they would have been seen. It's now clearly a museum (Galleria Nazionale delle Marche). 

The Grand Stairway of the Palace  (described by Vasari as the most beautiful of its time) has very wide and easily rising steps, with inset stone banisters for support. The proportions of each of the open palace rooms are impressive but not intimidating. The inside of the palace is pretty bare, as I’ve said, and the walls whitewashed as a museum for some of the finest art pieces collected by the Duke.

Some original decorations of the Palace remain as they were, including its magnificent fireplaces and stucco-decorated ceilings. Duke Federico's studiolo is a magnificent little room decorated with portraits of philosophers and with with trompe l'oeil woodwork intarsia. Many examples of amazing intarsia are found in doors of the palace. Much of the decorative relief around fireplaces and ceilings depicts exploding grenades, one of the first Duke’s favourite military attack techniques.



The Renaissance Paintings

I was a bit  peeved that some works I most wanted to see were temporarily removed, including some by Piero della Francesca. But I did get to see  his work, La Citta Ideal, a somewhat surrealistic work showing buildings in perspective with open doors but no people. And there was Rafael’s haunting portrait of that melancholy lovely woman called La Muta. And some surprises: I found a small religious work I liked and had never seen: very touchingly done by Giovanni Santi, Rafael’s lesser known artistic father. 

Urbino was  home to Rafael, who grew up amidst the Duke’s wonderful court. His lesser-known father was an admired poet and court painter of religious themes during Federico’s reign. But it was  Rafael who would hit the one-name-only status of instantly recognizable celebrity. Even though he was orphaned at age 11, growing up in this urbane environment gave Raphael the excellent manners and social skills stressed by Vasari as inherent in the Renaissance artist.

    The Invention of "Cool"

       This was the place to be in the high renaissance. Most of those invited to the Ducal Palace had       
       already made it in terms of the reigning standard of celebrity. You had to keep up and hold your 
       own in a company of scholars, artists, poets, nobles and courtier-politicos of the time --  all of               whom (in contrast to our own populist celebrity mania) were expected to have educated minds 
       and  not merely strident opinions.

    This was also a moment in history when being an Artist was elevated to an exalted status in the             social  hierarchy., so long as he (most likely) adhered to the model of humanistic refinement. It was     a time of great strides in Western  scholarship: in mathematics and science as well as investigations        of  ancient writings. There were great bursts in contemporary literary, visual, and musical arts.      

     As well, there was a style of conducting oneself, the art of social conduct and conversation.                      Innovation was encouraged, but no grunge need apply. The model of "casual elegance" or "cooly         knowledgeable" reigned.  The Italian word for it was "sprezzatura". 

    Urbino’s courtly life was to become set for centuries as the model of Italian humanist virtues. This         was largely due to a tell-all book by one of the guests at the Duke's Palace: Baldassare Castiglione's      The Book of the Courtier (1528).  

     Castiglione’s The Book of the Courtier became required reading for centuries for all who aspired           to a  life of power. Many of those same people would also have exchanged succulent bits of gossip        as they shared wines and foods worth imagining. How better to promote court intrigues for                  those versed in the writings of Castiglione’s more notorious contemporary, Machiavelli?

   Sprezzatura

    If it's too evident, it's not sprezzatura.  It’s a style that results from a well-educated background 
    and a well-practiced sociability. It refers to something like an artful spontaneity or nonchalance            in appearance and knowledge: an apparently effortless mastery and naturalness at the same time.            The  trick is that, IF it's visible, it turns into its dreadful opposite: affectation.  

    The term was coined by Castiglione, who advises: avoid affectation in every way possible . . .   
    and … practice in all things a certain Sprezzatura [nonchalance], so as to conceal all art and               make whatever is done or said appear to be without effort and almost without any thought about it."

     This concept, has been around the block. Cicero recommended a studied nonchalance as one style 
    of oration and rhetorical persuasion.  It also appears, I think, in these quotes across nations 
    It takes a great deal of experience to become natural.
    --Willa Cather
    A good style should show no sign of effort. What is written should seem a happy accident.

     -- W. Somerset Maugham  
                                                 
    For me, some the best written examples of it occur in the essays and lectures of that engaging                American, Mark Twain. Or in the style of an Arthur Ashe playing tennis in contrast to, say, a Jimmy     Connors. 

       Food for Thought: A Renaissance Menu 

    This is a meal to last the entire night and perhaps into the dawn. An evening not only rich                         conversation, but one enriched also by music and poetry. And the food! Remember, tomatoes, corn,       and potatoes were New World staples that hadn’t yet made it big in Europe. But garden produce like     cabbage, fava beans, peas, chick peas, squash, cauliflower, cabbage elderberry, fennel, eggplants             would have been likely ingredients.

    This is a privileged banquet, let’s remember, not common fare. So the spectacle of presentation is as     important as the substance offered. Dishes had to please the eye as well as the palate. Not only soup     to nuts, but several different seasonal varieties of dish comprised each course. Exotic innovations as     well as regionally fresh ingredients made this a renaissance feast. Spices, herbs, and olive oil would     be used to flavor and cream, cheese and other sauces would be used to the chef’s skill to enhance, not     to cover, the main food used. A telling point in how expensive the meal was in how fresh the                 ingredients had to be (only the rich could afford to use the freshest meat and sauces made of cheese 
    or egg that might soon go bad).

    Trays of candied fruit and aperitif wines might be brought in as the guests waited to be seated. The         rich soups, both sweet and savoury, were served. Sugar was used as a seasoning for main dishes as         well as desserts.Clear broths might be served as well, to cleanse one’s taste or prepare for the next         dish. Pastas would have been served, of course in all their many varieties -- and you can’t know how      many until you travel around Italy! But not in tomato sauces until this New World import became         more evident in European markets. An assortment of roasted pheasants or other game birds might be     lavishly presented with relishes of cherries, plums raisins, truffles, or capers, citron, olives, anchovy     and other wonderful concoctions, as well as roast meats, stews, sausages and mincemeats, followed         by elaborate salads that could also contain cooked vegetables and poultry, liver, or giblets ,eggs             prepared in different ways, an assortment of fish (salted, dried, and fresh) dishes, some with broth or     aspic. And let’s not forget the side dishes, often made with pastry or as tartes and flavored, for                 example, with quince, elder flowers, rice, roses, honey, or chestnuts. Then the cheeses. Leave a bit o        of room for the sweet pastries and other sweets, made into fritters, almond paste cookies, and                 sugared apples, lemons pears, custards, cheescake, flavored ices,. And don’t forget the many                 different wines served along with each course. Alas, coffee would not have been served until                 centuries when Venetians introduced the imported raw beans to Italy in the 1600s.

    For those serious enough to follow through on this, you can consult the recipes, ingredients, and             instructions offered by a cookbook published in Italy during the late 15th and early 16th centuries:         The Art of Cooking: The First Modern Cookery Book, Martino of Como, edited and with an                 introduction by Luigi Ballerni, translated and annotated by Jeremy Parzen [University of California     Press:Berkeley CA]. Or click here for a site that adapts a somewhat less sumptuous menu to modern     diet and budget. Marino's innovations rest upon mixing new and old. and even way back then he             advises that using local goods (freshness) is often synonymous with quality.

     Present-Day Urbino

    Walking the streets of historic Urbino in the present-day, surrounded by university students dressed         in the universal denim chi, you still can’t help thinking to the Renaissance. It’s all around you in             the harmonious architecture, the spatial plan with everything fitting into place. I wonder how this         affects the students.  They seem totally cool about it all, sprezzaturra running through                             their veins.
        
       Despite seein the Renaissance everywhere you look , this is a modern and lively place, filled with         more people looking under than over the age of 30. The primary  economy of Urbino now is based         on its university, established in the1500s. The students far outnumber the non-student residents here,      and they drive the city economy more than the tourist-trade does. 

    The city has many good eateries, lots of bookshops, some interesting 'ethnic' clothing, and of             
    course lots of excellent art and architecture, including many churches, given this was Vatican             
    territory for more  than 200 years. 

    Notices posted around town mention different local events, and it seems a lively place, as it must         have been in the Renaissance. I don’t know if the current group encounters of people here are as             thrilling as the salons held in the old days. Some must be, given the enduring impact this urbane             place has had through history have for. 
    

More Creative Life News

You can read and see more about Italy plus other travels and creative adventures by this itinerant artist at Creative Life News here.






Monday, June 13, 2011

Le Marche: the Sibillini Mountains

Discovering Le Marche

It was summertime when we first visited Le Marche in 2005, with  repeated visits since then. Le Marche is the most eastern area of central Italy  (east of Umbria and Tuscany), bordering the Adriatic Sea. 

We drove from our place in Morruzze (Umbria. to the renovated house of Canadian friends.  
The  2.5 hr. drive offers a scenic display that drive taking skirts the Adriatic Sea and takes you through  the dramatic Sibillini mountains. 

It’s June but there’s still snow on these peaks. So, it’s not surprising to find ski resorts here for both downhill and cross-country enthusiasts. The weather here generally seems a bit cooler than inland -- especially in the hill country, where our friends'  home is located.  In fact, a sunny morning in this was just followed by  a hailstorm! The weather has been bizarre: wetter than usual, and even more unpredictable than usual. The crops are confused



The Sibillini Mountains and its Sibyls

Le Marche’s Sibillini Mountains are located in in the central Italian Appennines. They were named after the Sibyls, a mysterious clan of female seers and prophets, known to us mostly from ancient Greek legends, In Greek (later Latin) mythology, a number of Sibyls uttered prophesies, each at her own holy site, dedicated to a specific deity in the ancient pantheon. Her oracles were under  divine influence of this deity. Later in antiquity, Sibyls were said to wander from place to place. Of particular importance to Italy is Virgil’s illustrious Cumaen Sibyl who safely guided Aeneas through the gates of hell. With the advent of Christianity, this Sibyl transmigrated from the cave of Cumae in Greece to the grotto of the Sibillines in Italy.

After Catholicism assimilated the tradition of the Sibyls, the tale is told of one who was condemned by God to dwell in a mountain cave, with other demons, until judgement Day. This was her punishment for her adverse reaction to having being overlooked as Mother of God, in favour of the Virgin Mary. Legend also has it that she lived in a cave in the mountains and knights and wizards visited from all lands in the hope of hearing her prophesies.

From this mix of pagan and Christian lore, Italians from Virgil onward have linked the tradition of the Cumaen and the Appenine Sibyl, mixing the themes of ancient and revered prophet with that of medieval magic-bearing seductress.

A fascinating book about particular sites in these mountains and accompanying fables and myths was written by a man who grew up knowing the dramatic geologic sites in these mountains and  is well acquainted with their lore. It can serve as a guide to both. Legends of the Sibilline Mountains by Giuseppe Santarelli (Author), translated by Phoebe Leed and Nathan Neel (Editor).
detail of Michelangelo's Cumaean Sybil

No matter how beautiful the fabled Sibyls may have been, it's Michelangelo's powerful rendering of the aging Cumaean Sybil whose presence overtakes the other four he painted on the Sistine ceiling.

Nature Reserve, Ranch Country and a Restaurant

We drove through the Sibillini (much of it a nature reserve and park, click here for info), enjoying the woods and forested areas. We stopped in what looked like 'Bonanza' country for lunch. It was a very local restaurant we happened upon, called Lo Spuntino (The Snack) in the town of Balzo di Montegallo. It’s part of a establishment that offers lodging for visitors .. and their horses. Walking downstairs, we thought the restaurant was closed for a party of local folk. But no, they made us welcome and decided our menu for us. It was good, including a memorable pasta made with local black truffles and  a complimentary glass of vino cotto to finish off the meal (typically of many restaurants here).

The restaurant's  wall photos and the video playing at the time  showed the town’s pride in its ranching tradition. The video showed a procession of what sure looked like cowboys pacing their horses through the softly swirling snow, and herding the cattle on display. It caught my eye. This could be the high range cattle country of America -- but for one telling cue. The procession of cowboys, horses and cattle came past a fully garbed priest in cassock, surplice and biretta who blessed the gathering, including the animals.

Recipe for Vino Cotto
"Vino cotto" literally means "cooked wine." It's typically made in regions like Le Marche for a family’s own use, but has recently  become more popular commercially (click). It’s a mildly sweet dessert drink which is also good in flavoring other dishes. Here's a general recipe: Press the juice from several bunches of either red or white grapes, strain into a flameproof earthenware or glass pan (some traditionally use copper), and simmer very gently until thick, about 4 hours until it’s reduced by about 1/3. The must should not undergo fermentation before it is heated. Once reduced and allowed to cool, the best vino cotto is aged in storage for a few years. It is ruby-gold colored and  somewhat similar in taste to Madeira. Family secrets may include adding particular herbs of the region to the must concoction.

Renovating a House in Le Marche

We travelled to spend few weeks in Le Marche at our friends’ renovated house. They’ve done such a nice job of taking their section of a once run-down farmhouse and turning into a really livable place. I remember seeing it in its 'before' state, so the transformation is quite remarkable.  
view from house in Le Marche: Casa Falcone

Finding tumble-down treasures  in Italy or France, just waiting for you to love (and renovate) them can cost big bucks, even if you can find them. I guess buyers may hope to defray costs by writing best-sellers like Under the Tuscan Sun or My Year in Provence, or your own personal version of Eat, Love, and Forget-About-Buying-a-House

We've heard many  drawn-out horror stories about the renovation woes and ever-rising costs . These seem to fade, howver, once the product is finished and you are joyously eating olives from your own olive tree (a 5 Euro saving from the 100,000+ cost of the renovations).  

 Le Marche is being touted as the "new Umbria", just as Umbria was once touted as the "new Tuscany." Like Brooklyn is the "new Manhattan", I suppose, if you really want to try to beat the odds , look in the poorest section of Italy for ‘a bargain that has possibilities (that is, something only you can see in your renovation dreams) … and snap it up in the next 10 minutes!

Comparing Le Marche and Umbria

Le Marche does have some similarities with Umbria, given both are very verdant and rocky.  But, in my very personal comparison, it’s more rugged and angular, less open than the more gently sloping vistas of Umbria. Maybe that’s why it seems more compressed in its communities built along ridges of prominent hills.  Tramping around the countryside, we've seen fewer wildflowers, perhaps because of seasonal differences. Both regions have many birds, though I seem to hear them singing more in Umbria. A big advantage for Le Marche, in my opinion, is its location beside the Adriatic, with lovely seaport towns and access to the ocean. 

Although Le Marche is mostly an agricultural region, there’s more evidence here than in Umbria of factories and industrial parks scattering the coast and nearby hills.  That brings up another idiosyncratic reflection: why are they euphemistically called “industrial parks” when there’s nothing green or recreationally park-like about them? Perhaps, in the vagaries of the English language, industry is literally just “parked” there, like a car in a lot. Refrains of Joni  Mitchell’s great lyrics come to mind: “they paved paradise and put up a parking lot.” 

More Creative Life News

You can read and see more about Italy plus other travels and creative adventures by this itinerant artist at Creative Life News here.

Tuesday, June 7, 2011

The Rock: Gibraltar

Did you know that you can see Africa from Spain? Yup, sitting at a cafe in Tarifa and looking right across the Strait of Gibraltar... there it is!

Africa is less than 10 mi (16 km) south of Spain at the Strait of Gibraltar. Being so near to northern Africa and bordering this water bridge between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic has made Spain a a strategic spot for trade and conquest for centuries. This brings to mind the interesting convergence of geography and political coincidence that subsequently becomes ‘historical destiny’.
If not for this meager geographical distance, Spain, originally inhabited by Celts, Iberians, and Basques and annexed to the Roman Empire in 206 B.C. when Scipio Africanus conquered it, might have become more typical of other Mediterranean-European countries that also endured the decline of the Roman Empire and its subsequent barbarian invasion by  Goths in the early 5th C.

But just a short distance makes a tall difference to history, even with Gibraltar looming large. In 711, only about 100 years after the death of the Prophet Mohammed, the Muslims under Tariq entered Spain from Africa and within a few years consolidated their rule, concentrated in the territory they called Al-Andalus (Andalucia). All of Spanish history and culture was thereby changed and made unique within Europe, as I’ve noted throughout my postings.

Geography isn’t everything, of course. There was also that surprising feat accomplished by Columbus in 1492, with a little venture capital and a “what’s to lose” empire-building attitude of the reigning Catholic Monarchs of Spain. So happenstance should also get credited for much in history-making. 

What if the Italians had been just a bit more supportive of their native son? Perhaps they, not the Spanish, would have ruled the seas for the next century and italianized the 'New World'. Maybe pizza would have come sooner. But the Italians had their chance, and remembering the Romans, did their imperial bit. Still, there’s a statue of Columbus in the harbor at Genoa, and I bet a lot of sour grapes have been passed over that particular missed opportunity. 

No empire retains hegemony. Not the Roman, nor the Islamic rule of Spain in the middle ages, nor Spain's Catholic Monarchy (subsequently claimed by the Hapsburgs), which did have a pretty long run at managing and mismanaging the largest empire in the Western world for three centuries

Continuing our coincidental "what-if" thinking, if there hadn’t been a terrible storm, perhaps the ‘invincible’ Spanish Armada wouldn’t have been beaten by an inferior English fleet in 1588, again dramatically changing the history of Europe and the colonization of North America. 


Still, Spain remained the most powerful state in Europe and the foremost global and colonial power during the
16th C and the greater part of the 17th C. By then, depleting its enormous wealth in religiously-slanted wars and embroilments in Europe and elsewhere, Spain was on the road to losing much of its empire. Under its increasingly inept Hapsburg rulers, Spain  declined as a major world player in the late 17th C. For more historical insights, click  and click.

We spent part of the morning walking around Tarifa, the southernmost European city. Billed as great place for wind-surfing and having some nice beaches, it provided a pleasant a way-station for us. I'd been there once before, the only non-Spanish person on a rollicky Spanish tour bus headed for Morocco. That was a trip in itself. But now, we were driving via ferry to the Rock itself: Gibraltar. 

Tarifa is  a small town with the remains of fortresses and monuments to skirmishes during the Spanish 'crusades' against the Moors. This little fishing town was the first point of the Moorish invasion of Southern Spain in 711 AD. There's a statue to  Guzman El Bueno who in defended the town against the invading Moors in 1295.


According to the local story the Moors captured and threatened to kill his son if Guzman didn't surrender the town. Dad refused, throwing down his sword -- with which they killed his son. The statue is near a nice little family park. There were kids riding tricycles, and I thought about this story. How good was Guzman the Good? Would you really want a hero who loved his patriotic principles more than his son?  If only our capacity for joy were developed as highly and endorsed as much in principle as our capacity for war.  




Today's Thought

It is always easier to fight for one’s principles than to live up to them.
-- Alfred Adler

Patriotism is your conviction that this country is superior to all other countries because you were born in it.
-- George Bernard Shaw

The principles which men give to themselves end by overwhelming their noblest intentions.
--Albert Camus

Tarifa is still a major port of entry, now mostly for tourist ferries to and from North Africa. Local fishermen still use the ancient Almadraba method of fishing using a circle of boats and nets. Tuna fishing is big during its season (end of March-June). It's still a charming place for a stroll.

We had a seafood lunch at one of small outdoor restauranta lining the port and watched our ferry near shore. Sitting where the Mediterranean Sea meets the Atlantic Ocean, on a clear day one can enjoy spectacular views of the Rif mountains of Africa across the water. To give you an idea of how close it is to North Africa, the fast ferry Tarifa-Tanger  takes only 35 minutes. That's less time that it takes most of us to drive to work.

The rock of Gibraltar, one of the Pillars of Hercules in Greek mythology, has been a constant landmark for  thousands of years. Photographs cannot prepare you for the Gibraltar's physical impact. You see it looming miles and miles away on the shores of Andalucia. But as you approach it, its massive scale becomes overpowering. It's been described as "a 1,396-foot-high boulder - sheer on one side, a city of 30,000 clinging to the bottom third of the other"
Oddly, there's no mention of Gibraltar on the directional signs along Spain's coastal expressway. You see the rock right in your face before you know how to reach it. You figure this out t by going as far as you can toward the sea.


Gibraltar is British, despite continuing Spanish claims. The Rock was captured and ceded to the British crown in 1713 during the War of the Spanish Succession. Spain made repeated military efforts to get it back and now relies on diplomatic means. The population of Gibraltar, who speak both English and Spanish (often in the same sentence) recently (2002) rejected a referedum for joint Spanish-British sovereignty. 


Gibraltar is a tourist attraction. But on the cloud-covered afternoon of our visit, it made me claustrophobic to be on and in the Rock. There are buildings inside the rock as well as on top of it. The streets are narrow and much seems underground or perching on impossibly narrow and crowded little grey roads with high grey walls banking them. Military establishments and personnel also seem to be everwhere.


The  British pound is the ruling currency. There’s British whiskey to buy, along with dry goods from Marks and Sparks if you’ve been longing for them. We didn’t stay for too long, getting a bit of a dungeon feeling. Yet, the Rock itself is quite impressive viewed almost anywhere from the southern coast of Spain -- which is from where I’d rather view it. But, my view is idiosyncratic, as always. If you want some more positive tips on it as a tourist destination, check out this NYTimes article.

I want to leave you with a warning. Spanish ice cream can be hazardous! An ice cream bar can cost you more than $50 in Spain! That’s if you happen to eat it while driving your car. It happened to us. I couldn’t believe it. True: it’s the law and that’s the fine. But, when it’s usual for cars to hurl way past the speed limit, their drivers glued to cellphones (also against the law) and routinely crossing lanes without signals and with only inches to spare, it's rather sardonic to fine someone for pulling out of parking spot with a ice-cream bar in his mouth! Chalk it up to experience.
JS photo
This may be my last posting about Spain. So let me leave you with another photo of my dear totemic Pepe enjoying the Andalucian sunset. 


It is  always such a different experience actually to meet people on a one-to-one basis than to read their history. Spain is a land of so many contrasts, geographical and political: the rapacious extremes of the Spanish Civil War still remaining a potent example. Yet all the Spanish people (young and old) that we’ve met casually in our travels across regions of the country have so impressed us with their friendliness, readiness to offer help, easy manner and welcoming attitude that I’ve come to form a genuine stereotype of the “gracious Spaniard.”
Today's Painting
painting by Janet Strayer, see more click here
It’s been so easy for us with local citizens, even in large and bustling cities. Another thing we’ve noted is how indulgent (as well as attentive) Spanish people seem to be with their kids, and even other people’s kids. The little ones here seem not afraid of strangers (one might worry, but their parents let them roam within view) and we’ve had several come over to us in cafés, smiling and checking us out. 
The kids (even toddlers) are out with their parents at all hours of the night, being taken to pubs at 10 pm, which, as you know by now, is the time many Spaniards take their evening meal. They’re an energetic bunch, to say the least.  And, as the Spanish say often in Spain, it's a place where se vive bien. My sentiments exactly. Well, viva España! I’m glad to have had some opportunity to get to know it better. 


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